Ralph Robert Shaw - Revision history

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	== Life ==		== Life ==
	Ralph Shaw was born in Detroit, Michigan on May 18, 1907. He grew up in Cleveland, and obtained his B.A. from Western Reserve University in 1928. His interest in science librarianship was sparked while an undergraduate, by his job in the Cleveland Public Library's Department of Science and Technology. He enrolled in the Columbia University School of Library Service and received a B.S. (1929) and an M.S.(1931) from that institution. Shaw's lifelong interest in the scientific management of libraries began during his time in New York.		'''Ralph Robert Shaw''' was born in Detroit, Michigan on May 18, 1907. He grew up in Cleveland, and obtained his B.A. from Western Reserve University in 1928. His interest in science librarianship was sparked while an undergraduate, by his job in the Cleveland Public Library's Department of Science and Technology. He enrolled in the Columbia University School of Library Service and received a B.S. (1929) and an M.S.(1931) from that institution. Shaw's lifelong interest in the scientific management of libraries began during his time in New York.

	He found ample opportunity to further develop and put into practice his ideas when he became the librarian of the Gary, Indiana Public Library in 1936. While in Gary, Shaw began work on his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago's Graduate Library School. In 1940, Shaw moved on to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's library.		He found ample opportunity to further develop and put into practice his ideas when he became the librarian of the Gary, Indiana Public Library in 1936. While in Gary, Shaw began work on his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago's Graduate Library School. In 1940, Shaw moved on to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's library.
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	During his career, Shaw became an internationally respected figure in librarianship. He was a member of, as well as a consultant and advisor to, a wide range of national and international library committees and organizations concerned with library and bibliographic activities. During the 1950's, Shaw was actively involved in the American Documentation Institute . He was an associate editor of American Documentation from 1950-1957.		During his career, Shaw became an internationally respected figure in librarianship. He was a member of, as well as a consultant and advisor to, a wide range of national and international library committees and organizations concerned with library and bibliographic activities. During the 1950's, Shaw was actively involved in the American Documentation Institute . He was an associate editor of American Documentation from 1950-1957.

	Shaw was also keenly interested in library education. In 1954, he joined the faculty of the Graduate School of Library Service at Rutgers University~~, where he~~ helped to develop a respected program that included courses in bibliography, documentation and scientific management, a concept he helped introduce to the profession as a means of solving certain library problems.		Shaw was also keenly interested in library education. In 1954, he joined the faculty of the Graduate School of Library Service at Rutgers University. He served as Dean from 1959 to 1961 and helped to develop a respected program that included courses in bibliography, documentation and scientific management, a concept he helped introduce to the profession as a means of solving certain library problems.

	Ralph Shaw left a significant mark in the fields of information science and librarianship. "As a bibliographer, he supervised the production of one of the major scientific and one of the major retrospective national bibliographies." The influence of his work and ideas will carry on for years in his former students, many of whom are today's leaders. The press he founded in 1950, Scarecrow Press, continues to produce high quality works in librarianship and other fields. His efforts as an inventor "helped to make possible much of the sophisticated use of technology in libraries." A critic of grandiose claims for the capabilities of machines, Shaw's challenges helped create a realistic basis for the intelligent use of machines~~. Ralph Shaw died in 1972. There is detailed biographical information about him in Wikipedia~~.		Shaw was the Dean of Library Activities 1966 to 1969 at the Hamilton Library at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He died on October 14, 1972.

			Ralph Shaw left a significant mark in the fields of information science and librarianship. "As a bibliographer, he supervised the production of one of the major scientific and one of the major retrospective national bibliographies." The influence of his work and ideas will carry on for years in his former students, many of whom are today's leaders. The press he founded in 1950, Scarecrow Press, continues to produce high quality works in librarianship and other fields. His efforts as an inventor "helped to make possible much of the sophisticated use of technology in libraries." A critic of grandiose claims for the capabilities of machines, Shaw's challenges helped create a realistic basis for the intelligent use of machines.

	== Contributions ==		== Contributions ==
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	== Publications ==		== Publications ==
	~~Numerous~~ books, articles, and translations on a wide range of issues~~, also~~		Google scholar lists numerous books, articles, and translations on a wide range of issues.

	*"The Rapid Selector." ''Journal of documentation'' 5 (1949): 164-171		*"The Rapid Selector." ''Journal of documentation'' 5 (1949): 164-171
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	* "The Form and the Substance." (1965).		* "The Form and the Substance." (1965).
	* "Electronic Storage and Searching." in the series "Freeing the Mind." Times Literary Supplement (1962).		* "Electronic Storage and Searching." in the series "Freeing the Mind." Times Literary Supplement (1962).

	~~== Employment ==~~

	* USDA Library
	* Rutgers
	* University of Hawaii

	== Awards ==		== Awards ==
			*American Library Association. First Dewey Award, 1953; Honorary Membership, 1971.
	* ~~1953 (first)~~ Dewey Award ~~(ALA)~~

	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==
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	*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.		*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.
	[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]		[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]
			*"Ralph R. Shaw." ''Wikipedia'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_R._Shaw]

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Smith2: Added details.

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Added details.

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:24, 15 January 2025
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	1907-1972		'''Ralph Shaw''' (1907-1972) was a US librarian and bibliographer.


	== Life ==		== Life ==
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	Numerous books, articles, and translations on a wide range of issues, also		Numerous books, articles, and translations on a wide range of issues, also

			*"The Rapid Selector." ''Journal of documentation'' 5 (1949): 164-171
	* ''The Use of photography for clerical routines.'' Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies, 1953.		* ''The Use of photography for clerical routines.'' Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies, 1953.
	* "From Fright to Frankenstein." D.C. Libraries (1953). [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001162381]		* "From Fright to Frankenstein." D.C. Libraries (1953). [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001162381]

Smith2: Details added

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Details added

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:08, 14 January 2025
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	He found ample opportunity to further develop and put into practice his ideas when he became the librarian of the Gary, Indiana Public Library in 1936. While in Gary, Shaw began work on his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago's Graduate Library School. In 1940, Shaw moved on to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's library.		He found ample opportunity to further develop and put into practice his ideas when he became the librarian of the Gary, Indiana Public Library in 1936. While in Gary, Shaw began work on his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago's Graduate Library School. In 1940, Shaw moved on to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's library.

	While at the library (which eventually became the National Agriculture Library), Shaw continued to pursue his interest in the use of machines to improve the productivity and efficiency of library operations. During his fourteen-year tenure at the library, he invented and patented the Photoclerk and ~~designed~~ the Rapid Selector (and patented ~~its~~ coding system~~), a machine designed to use encoded microfilm~~ for ~~subject analysis and retrieval~~ of ~~information. Although mechanical problems thwarted Shaw's dreams~~ of ~~success for~~ the ~~machine, work along the same lines was later done by Eastman Kodak and IBM~~ .		While at the library (which eventually became the National Agriculture Library), Shaw continued to pursue his interest in the use of machines to improve the productivity and efficiency of library operations. During his fourteen-year tenure at the library, he invented and patented the Photoclerk and worked unsuccessfully with Engineering Research Associates to revive the Microfilm Rapid Selector design of [[Vannevar Bush]] and patented a coding system for it. Long rolls of microfilmed documents were searched at very high speed using pattern recognition (by photoelectric cells) of encoded metadata next to the images of documents (Burke 1994).

	During his career, Shaw became an internationally respected figure in librarianship. He was a member of, as well as a consultant and advisor to, a wide range of national and international library committees and organizations concerned with library and bibliographic activities. During the 1950's, Shaw was actively involved in the American Documentation Institute . He was an associate editor of American Documentation from 1950-1957.		During his career, Shaw became an internationally respected figure in librarianship. He was a member of, as well as a consultant and advisor to, a wide range of national and international library committees and organizations concerned with library and bibliographic activities. During the 1950's, Shaw was actively involved in the American Documentation Institute . He was an associate editor of American Documentation from 1950-1957.
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	He was a controversial library figure. He was interested in scientific management, transaction charges, photography for circulation control, and bookmobiles; copyrights. He compiled Bibliography of Agriculture, which became an international bibliographic tool. He was "one of the first American Documentalists" (Burke). He wanted to use Bush's Selector to coordinate all the agricultural research literature allowing researchers to have access to all the current research projects in the world. Shaw was chief of USDA library, made it a center of pioneering documentation techniques.		He was a controversial library figure. He was interested in scientific management, transaction charges, photography for circulation control, and bookmobiles; copyrights. He compiled Bibliography of Agriculture, which became an international bibliographic tool. He was "one of the first American Documentalists" (Burke). He wanted to use Bush's Selector to coordinate all the agricultural research literature allowing researchers to have access to all the current research projects in the world. Shaw was chief of USDA library, made it a center of pioneering documentation techniques.

	~~Some~~ of ~~Shaw's major works include:~~		== Publications ==
			Numerous books, articles, and translations on a wide range of issues, also

	* The Use of ~~Photography~~ for ~~Clerical Routines(~~1953)		* ''The Use of photography for clerical routines.'' Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies, 1953.
	* Articles on automation:		* "From Fright to Frankenstein." D.C. Libraries (1953). [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001162381]
	* "From Fright to Frankenstein." D.C. Libraries (1953).		*''Early American imprints, 1801-1819.'' New York: Readex Corp., 1964-1982. Microopaques reproductions of some 50,000 books, pamphlets, and broadsides printed in the US. Accompanied by printed guides.
	* "The Form and the Substance." (1965).		* "The Form and the Substance." (1965).
	* "Electronic Storage and Searching." in the series "Freeing the Mind." Times Literary Supplement (1962).		* "Electronic Storage and Searching." in the series "Freeing the Mind." Times Literary Supplement (1962).
	* A book celebrating the life and work of Shaw is: Essays for Ralph Shaw, ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, 212 pp.

	== Employment ==		== Employment ==
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	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==
	Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.		*Hines, Theodore C. "Shaw and the machine." In: ''Essays for Ralph Shaw." ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, pp 7-14.
			*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.
			*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.
	[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]		[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]

Smith2 at 02:01, 24 December 2024

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:01, 23 December 2024
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	* 1953 (first) Dewey Award (ALA)		* 1953 (first) Dewey Award (ALA)

	== ~~Offices~~ ==		== Further Reading ==
			Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.
	~~== Papers ==~~		[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]

Egha9: added bio

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added bio

New page

1907-1972

== Life ==
Ralph Shaw was born in Detroit, Michigan on May 18, 1907. He grew up in Cleveland, and obtained his B.A. from Western Reserve University in 1928. His interest in science librarianship was sparked while an undergraduate, by his job in the Cleveland Public Library's Department of Science and Technology. He enrolled in the Columbia University School of Library Service and received a B.S. (1929) and an M.S.(1931) from that institution. Shaw's lifelong interest in the scientific management of libraries began during his time in New York.

He found ample opportunity to further develop and put into practice his ideas when he became the librarian of the Gary, Indiana Public Library in 1936. While in Gary, Shaw began work on his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago's Graduate Library School. In 1940, Shaw moved on to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's library.

While at the library (which eventually became the National Agriculture Library), Shaw continued to pursue his interest in the use of machines to improve the productivity and efficiency of library operations. During his fourteen-year tenure at the library, he invented and patented the Photoclerk and designed the Rapid Selector (and patented its coding system), a machine designed to use encoded microfilm for subject analysis and retrieval of information. Although mechanical problems thwarted Shaw's dreams of success for the machine, work along the same lines was later done by Eastman Kodak and IBM .

During his career, Shaw became an internationally respected figure in librarianship. He was a member of, as well as a consultant and advisor to, a wide range of national and international library committees and organizations concerned with library and bibliographic activities. During the 1950's, Shaw was actively involved in the American Documentation Institute . He was an associate editor of American Documentation from 1950-1957.

Shaw was also keenly interested in library education. In 1954, he joined the faculty of the Graduate School of Library Service at Rutgers University, where he helped to develop a respected program that included courses in bibliography, documentation and scientific management, a concept he helped introduce to the profession as a means of solving certain library problems.

Ralph Shaw left a significant mark in the fields of information science and librarianship. "As a bibliographer, he supervised the production of one of the major scientific and one of the major retrospective national bibliographies." The influence of his work and ideas will carry on for years in his former students, many of whom are today's leaders. The press he founded in 1950, Scarecrow Press, continues to produce high quality works in librarianship and other fields. His efforts as an inventor "helped to make possible much of the sophisticated use of technology in libraries." A critic of grandiose claims for the capabilities of machines, Shaw's challenges helped create a realistic basis for the intelligent use of machines. Ralph Shaw died in 1972. There is detailed biographical information about him in Wikipedia.

== Contributions ==
Shaw established the Graduate School of Library Studies at the University of Hawaii. He served on numerous ALA committees. He was associated with the discovery and pioneering of information science. He was involved with work on the Photoclerk. He worked with international organizations - consulting and advising on bibliographic activities. In 1950, Shaw founded Scarecrow Press. He came up with mini-print. He helped develop a strong library program at Rutgers, served as the school's second dean, and was instrumental in establishing its Ph.D. program. Shaw did not invent Rapid Selector but made himself famous promoting it. He translated a book on bibliography from German.

He was a controversial library figure. He was interested in scientific management, transaction charges, photography for circulation control, and bookmobiles; copyrights. He compiled Bibliography of Agriculture, which became an international bibliographic tool. He was "one of the first American Documentalists" (Burke). He wanted to use Bush's Selector to coordinate all the agricultural research literature allowing researchers to have access to all the current research projects in the world. Shaw was chief of USDA library, made it a center of pioneering documentation techniques.

Some of Shaw's major works include:

* The Use of Photography for Clerical Routines(1953)
* Articles on automation:
* "From Fright to Frankenstein." D.C. Libraries (1953).
* "The Form and the Substance." (1965).
* "Electronic Storage and Searching." in the series "Freeing the Mind." Times Literary Supplement (1962).
* A book celebrating the life and work of Shaw is: Essays for Ralph Shaw, ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, 212 pp.

== Employment ==

* USDA Library
* Rutgers
* University of Hawaii

== Awards ==

* 1953 (first) Dewey Award (ALA)

== Offices ==

== Papers ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:06, 10 May 2025
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	*Stevens, Norman D. "Shaw, Ralph Robert (1907-1972)." ''Dictionary of American library biography'', ed. by Bohdan S. Wynar. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited, 1978, pp 476-481.		*Stevens, Norman D. "Shaw, Ralph Robert (1907-1972)." ''Dictionary of American library biography'', ed. by Bohdan S. Wynar. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited, 1978, pp 476-481.
	*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.		*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.
	*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.		*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55. [[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]
	[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]
	*"Ralph R. Shaw." ''Wikipedia'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_R._Shaw]		*"Ralph R. Shaw." ''Wikipedia'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_R._Shaw]

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:40, 27 January 2025
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	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==
	*Hines, Theodore C. "Shaw and the machine." In: ''Essays for Ralph Shaw.'' ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, pp 7-14.		*Hines, Theodore C. "Shaw and the machine." In: ''Essays for Ralph Shaw.'' ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, pp 7-14.
			*Stevens, Norman D. "Shaw, Ralph Robert (1907-1972)." ''Dictionary of American library biography'', ed. by Bohdan S. Wynar. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited, 1978, pp 476-481.
	*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.		*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.
	*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.		*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.
	[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]		[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:27, 15 January 2025
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	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==
	*Hines, Theodore C. "Shaw and the machine." In: ''Essays for Ralph Shaw." ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, pp 7-14.		*Hines, Theodore C. "Shaw and the machine." In: ''Essays for Ralph Shaw.'' ed. by Norman D. Stevens. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975, pp 7-14.
	*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.		*Burke, Colin B. ''Information and secrecy: Vannevar Bush, Ultra, and the other Memex.'' Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1994.
	*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.		*Varlejs, Jana. "Ralph Shaw and the Rapid Selector". In: ''Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on the History and Heritage of Science Information Systems''. Ed. by Mary Ellen Bowden, Trudi Bellardo Hahn & Robert V. Williams. Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology and the Chemical Heritage Foundation by Information Today, Medford, NJ, 1999, pp. 148-55.
	[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]		[[http://wayback.archive-it.org/2118/20101023161313/http://assets.chemheritage.org/explore/ASIS_documents/ASIS98_Varlejs.pdf]]